Ardastra Gardens, Zoo and Conservation Centre in Nassau, The Bahamas opened in 1937 though the work of the Jamaican horticulturist, Hedley Vivian Edwards. From the Latin Ardua astrum, Ardastra means "Striving for the stars". In the 1950s, the Bahamian government brought flamingoes with the intention of breeding, as they had become rare there. In 1982 the gardens were bought by the Bahamian citizen Norman Solomon, who started the first Bahamian zoo.