Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is a city and the administrative center of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia. It is located on Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East, north of Japan. Gas and oil extraction as well as processing are amongst the main industries on the island. It was called Vladimirovka from 1882 to 1905, then Toyohara during its period of Imperial Japanese control from 1905 to 1946. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 181,728.