Jacksonboro is an unincorporated community and census-designated place located in southeastern Colleton County, South Carolina, United States, along the west side of the Edisto River. Jacksonboro serves as a primary junction along U.S. Highway 17 between Charleston 32 miles to the east and Beaufort 41 miles to the southwest. Walterboro, the Colleton County seat, is 16 miles to the northwest via South Carolina Highway 64. The population of Jacksonboro was 478 as of the 2010 census.