Peñaranda is a fourth class municipality in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. According to the 2010 census, it has a population of 27,410 people. It is bordered by municipalities of General Tinio and San Leonardo and the city of Gapan. The area was originally called Mapisong, and it was a part of the municipality of Gapan. The area was organized into a municipality by José Maria Peñaranda, a Spanish engineer, and subsequently named after him.