Choteau is a city in and the county seat of Teton County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,721 at the 2020 census. Choteau is named after French fur merchant, trader and explorer Pierre Chouteau, Jr., who is also the namesake of Chouteau County, Montana. Fort Pierre, South Dakota, and Pierre, South Dakota, are also named after Chouteau. Originally a trading post established by A. B. Hamilton in 1873, the town was platted in 1883.