Nassau is a village located in the Town of Nassau in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. The population was 1,133 at the 2010 census. The Village of Nassau is in the southern part of the county in the Town of Nassau, with a small western portion in the Town of Schodack. Nassau is bordered on the west by the Valatie Kill and Schodack township and is 15 miles east of Albany, New York state's capital city.