Buckingham is a village in Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. The population was 300 at the 2010 census, up from 237 at the 2000 census. The village is about 63.7 miles south west of Chicago Illinois. It is included in the Kankakee-Bradley, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Coal Branch line of the Kankakee and Southwestern Railroad branched off in Buckingham and ran to the now lost, nearby towns of Clarke City and Tracy.