Rockingham is a town along the Connecticut River in Windham County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,832. Rockingham includes the incorporated villages of Bellows Falls and Saxtons River, as well as a large rural area west of Interstate 91. Rockingham has no formal town center; instead, town offices and the Rockingham Public Library are located in the village of Bellows Falls.