Butuan, officially the City of Butuan, is a 1st class highly urbanized city and the regional center of Caraga, Philippines. It is the de facto capital of the province of Agusan del Norte where it is geographically situated but has an administratively independent government. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 372,910 people making it the most populous city in Caraga Region. It served as the former capital of the Rajahnate of Butuan before 1001 until about 1521.