Earlville is a village in New York state bisected by two counties: Madison County and Chenango County, United States. The population was 774 as per the 2020 Decennial census, a decrease from the 872 reported in the 2010 census. The village is named after Jonas Earl, a canal commissioner. The village of Earlville is at the intersection of four towns: Sherburne, Hamilton, Lebanon, and Smyrna. The east–west thoroughfare, East and West Main streets, runs along the county line.