Rautalampi is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the Northern Savonia region. The municipality has a population of 2,933 and covers an area of 761.98 square kilometres of which 222.99 km2 is water. The population density is 5.44 inhabitants per square kilometre. The municipality is unilingually Finnish. Neighbouring municipalities are Hankasalmi, Konnevesi, Pieksämäki, Suonenjoki, Tervo and Vesanto. The distance from Rautalampi to Kuopio is about 70 kilometers.