Nizhnevartovsk is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, Russia. Since the 1960s, the Western Siberian oil boom has led to Nizhnevartovsk's rapid growth from a small settlement to a city due to its location beside the Samotlor oil field along the right bank of the Ob River, 30 kilometers from the border with Tomsk Oblast, and the presence of the petroleum industry has made it one of the wealthiest cities in Russia.