Richmond is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is located at the point where Swaledale, the upper valley of the River Swale, opens into the Vale of Mowbray. The town's population at the 2011 census was 8,413. The town is 13 miles north-west of Northallerton, the county town, and 41 miles north-west of York. In the Domesday Book of 1086 the area was collected under Yorkshire and the town was in the Gilling Wapentake.