Limón, also known as Puerto Limón, is the capital city of both the province and canton of the same name. One of Costa Rica's seven "middle cities", Limón has a population of 71,514, which made it, as of 2022, the most-populous city in the country outside of the Greater Metropolitan Area and the second most-populous district in the nation. Founded in 1854 by Philipp J. J. Valentini and officially established as a district in 1870 during the Liberal State, Limón is the only planned city in the country built in the 19th century.